SME Chamber

Il-qaghad u l-holqien tax-xoghol gdid

Labour force survey
l-aktar studju dettaljat li qed isir
dwar ix-xoghol huwa dak mahdum mill-NSO maghruf bhala l-labour force survey.
L-ahhar rapport li hareg hu dak li hareg ghall-Settembru 2001.

 



L-overall employment rate ta’ pajjizna ghadha baxxa mqabbla ma dik ta’ pajjizi
ndustrijalizati, specjalment pajjizi Ewropej, u l-percentwali hu ta’ 54.7%
tan-nies disponibbli ghax-xoghol

 Id-differenza bejn ir-rata ta’ rgiel
li jahdmu u nisa li jahdmu hi ta’ 44.2%, din turi zieda ta’ 1.5% fuq perjodu ta’
sena u nofs

 L-overall activity rate hi ta’ 58.4%, din hi rata baxxa u
fil-kaz tan-nisa, r-rata matul dan l-ahhar 18 – il xahar nizlet b’1.6%


Skond il-labour force survey, fuq l-ahhar 18 – il xahar ir-rata ta’ nies ma
jahdmux naqset b’0.5% u m’hemmx differenza bejn ir-rata ta’ nisa u rgiel ifittxu
x-xoghol

 Naqas fuq dan l-ahhar 18 – il xahar il-percentagg ta’ nisa
jahdmu fl-eta ta’ bejn 35 u 44

 Il-youth employment rate f’pajjizna hi
baxxa u turi rata ta’ 54.6% taz-zghazagh kollha disponibbli ghax-xoghol. Fost
iz-zghazagh maskili r-rata hi ta’ 57.5%, waqt li ta’ tfajliet hi 51.5%


Minn dawk kollha jahdmu 2.4% jahdmu fil-biedja, 31.3% jahdmu fl-industrija u
66.3% jahdmu fl-intraprizi li joffru s-servizzi

 Tnejn minn kull tlett
haddiema jahdmu fis-settur privat

 Ir-rata tas-self employed f’pajjizna
hi baxxa meta mqabbla mar-rata ta’ pajjizi ohra b’modd partikolari fejn jidhlu
n-nisa. Minn dawk kollha li jahdmu hemm 13.7% li jahdmu bhala self
employed

 F’Malta ghandna 7.2% ta’ dawk kollha li jahdmu huma part
timers. Minn dawn il-bicca l-kbira huma nisa, infatti 16.7% tan-nisa kollha li
jahdmu, jahdmu bhala part timers

Politka dwar ix-xoghol
L-Employment
and Training Corporation illum qed tanalizza l-figuri kollha li ghandha
ghad-disposizzjoni taghha dwar nies li jahdmu, nies li ma jahdmux u d-dettalji
li issa akkumulat mir-ricerka kollha li taghmel biex fasslet numru ta’ policies
li jirrigwardja l-kamp tax-xoghol. Dawn il-policies huma mdahhla fil-Joint
Assessment Paper on the Employment Policy Priorities of Malta, dokument li gie
iffirmat mill-gvern Malti u l-Kummissjoni Ewropea fis-26 t’Ottubru 2001.
L-Employment Policies ewlenin huma dawn:

 Li jkun analizzat l-effett
tat-taxxi u tal-beneficcji socjali bil-ghan li jitnehhew dawk li jissejhu
“poverty traps” u li jinholqu incentivi addattati biex dawk li ma jahdmux u dawn
fil-popolazzjoni huma inattivi wkoll jersqu fil-kamp tax-xoghol u jinstabilhom
impjieg.

 Li tghola r-rata ta’ nies jahdmu f’pajjizna, b’modd
partikolari li tghola r-rata ta’ nisa li jahdmu u li jkunu mhaddma sistemi li
joholqu opportunitajiet godda biex tickien id-differenza bejn in-numru ta’
irgiel u nisa li jahdmu.

 Din il-policy ukoll tipromwovi legislazzjoni
gdida li toffri kundizzjonijiet aktar agevolati biex filwaqt li jahdmu aktar
nisa tkun tista’ tissahhah ukoll il-familja.

 Jithaddmu skemi biex
tkompli tonqos dik li tissejjah “informal sector”, dik li sa ftit ilu kienu
jghidulha b’mod negattiv “the black economy”, jigifieri s-settur ta’ dawk li
jahdmu minghajr ma jkunu jidhru fuq il-kotba.

 Li jithaddmu skemi biex
ikun hemm matching ahjar bejn id-domanda ghax-xoghol u s-supply ta’ xoghol. Dan
billi jithaddmu sistemi ahjar ta’ vocational training bil-partecipazzjoni
tal-imsiehba socjali u li jithaddmu skemi li jghollu l-livell ta’ skills li
ghandhom il-haddiema Maltin l-aktar dawk li huma meqjusa bhala zvantagjati.
B’din il-policy l-awtoritajiet jridu jhadmu skemi li jghollu l-livell ta’
snajja’ ta’ dawk li jahdmu, li jirristrutturaw is-settur pubbliku biex jigu
utilizzati ahjar in-nies disponibbli ghall-gvern u li jithaddmu skemi u
incentivi biex il-haddiema li llum qed jahdmu f’setturi mhux produttivi jigu
mqassma f’xoghol aktar produttiv. Ma din il-policy tidhol ukoll il-kampanja biex
jonqsu n-numru ta’ haddiema illiterati.

 Li jkunu zviluppati ahjar
mizuri li jinkoragixxu l-holqien ta’ aktar impjiegi u li jkun hemm koordinament
tal-mizuri kollha mhaddma mis-setturi differenti u li s-settur pubbliku
jindirizza ahjar il-problemi li jolqtu setturi partikolari u gruppi ta’ haddiema
partikolari.

 Li jittiehdu l-mizuri biex f’Malta jitwaqqfu
l-istituzzjonijiet u jinholqu l-mezzi biex f’pajjizna tkun tista’ tithaddem
il-European Social Fund.

Il-prattika
Meta tghasar dan kollu issib dak
li qed jigri repetutament f’pajjizna. F’pajjiz zghir bhal taghna: qeghdin dejjem
aktar indahhlu fil-policy papers taghna frazijiet u proposti li jidhru sbieh fuq
il-karta izda x’hin nigu ghar-realta’ kull darba nehlu. Noholqu dejjem aktar
organizazzjonijiet, inkabbru dejjem aktar is-settur pubbliku pero’ ma nkejjlu
qatt l-impatt ta’ dan kollu u ma nahsbu qatt jekk dak li jkun propost minn
esperti go Brussels hux bilfors adattabbli ghal Malta. Qiesu ninsew illi biex
tkun taf il-problemi ta’ pajjizna u biex tahseb b’mizuri li jistghu jitwettqu
malajr m’hemmx xi diffikulta’ kbira. Ninsew li pajjizna mhux il-Germanja jew
Franza, fejn trid ix-xhur biex tara dak kollu li hu mehtieg. F’pajjizna
kullimkien tefa’ ta’ gebla. Tidhol f’postijiet tax-xoghol bl-anqas diffikulta’,
tista’ titkellem mas-sidien tal-intraprizi individwalment, tista’
tindividwalizza l-problemi ta’ pajjizna mhux biss qasam b’qasam, izda intrapriza
b’intrapriza, persuna b’persuna.

Jien l-esperjenza tieghi ghalmitni li
l-policies u l-indikazzjonijiet huma haga izda t-twettiq irid ikun adottat
bl-aktar mod cost effective skond il-htigijiet taghna. Jidher izda illi filwaqt
illi nindikaw it-triq gusta qieshom li l-awtoritajiet jitfixklu x’hin jigu biex
iwettqu. X’uhud mill-problemi huma dawn:

Beneficcji socjali u minimum
wage
Id-differenza bejn il-beneficcju li jircievu minn hu intitolat
ghall-assistenza socjali, l-aktar dawk li ghandhom it-tfal, u l-paga minima
nazzjonali hi negligibbli. F’certi kazi anzi, dak li jkun, jaqbillu ma jahdimx
milli jmur jahdem bil-paga minima. Suppost li din hi wahda mill-problemi li
kellha tirraporta dwarha l-Kummissjoni Nazzjonali dwar ir-Riforma fil-Welfare li
twaqqfet fl-1999. Din il-Kummissjoni izda m’ghadiex tiffunzjona wara li telaq
ic-Chairman li kellha. Il-problema izda ghadha hemm flimkien mal-problemi l-ohra
li suppost kellha tanalizza din il-Kummissjoni.

Li hu zgur hu li
s-sistema tal-beneficcji socjali waqt il-qaghad mhiex tinkoragixxi l-holqien ta’
aktar xoghol. Wasalna fi zmien li rridu nahsbu bis-serjeta’ jekk taghmilx aktar
sens li minflokk jinghataw flus bhala beneficcji lil min ma jahdimx, l-istess
flus jinghataw lil sidien ta’ intraprizi li lesti biex ihaddmu lin-nies li jkunu
bla xoghol. Huma hafna l-intraprizi li ghandhom job vacancies pero’ ma jifilhux
izidu hafna l-piz ta’ hlas regolari ta’ pagi u salarji.

Inwiegbu ahjar
ghall-htigijiet tas-suq tax-xoghol
L-ahhar survey dwar it-tahrig vokazzjonali
li gie ppubblikat f’Ottubru 2001 wera li ghalkemm 60% tas-sidien tal-intraprizi
jiprovdu xi forma ta’ tahrig vokazzjonali lill-haddiema taghhom, tnejn minn kull
tlieta izda, jghidu li l-iskills li ghandhom l-impjegati taghhom huma bizzejjed.
Dan juri li ghad ma tezistix kuxjenza qawwija bizzejjed fost il-haddiema u
s-sidien kemm hu importanti illi l-iskills tan-nies tax-xoghol ikunu
kontinwament mizjuda u aggornati jekk Malta trid tibqa’ persistentement
kompettitiva. Jien nemmen li l-iskemi li qed ihaddem il-gvern illum m’humiex
jilhqu l-ghanijiet taghhom u l-konsegwenza ta’ dan hu li hafna intraprizi
l-aktar iz-zghar m’humiex joholqu l-opportunitajiet ta’ xoghol li ghandhom
il-hila li joholqu. Jidher li qed nikkoncentraw fuq l-istituzzjoniijet u mhux
tant fuq ir-rizultati. Settur wara settur li jmiss maghhom jien jghiduli li
m’humiex ikabbru u m’humiex izidu fl-impjiegi ghal raguni li jew m’hemmx
inkoragiment, jew li l-iskemi tal-MDC, tal-IPSE u ta’ l-ETC m’humiex adekwati
ghalihom jew m’humiex imfassla sewwa, jew ghax m’humiex isibu l-kapitali
finanzjarju u l-krediti minn ghand il-banek ghaliex intraprizi zghar huma dejjem
fl-ahhar tal-kju ghall-finanzjamenti, jew inkella ghaliex illum f’pajjizna biex
tiftah jew tkabbar negozju jew biex tohrog progett gdid literalment jaqlawlek
fwiedek. Ma dan kollu issa zdiedet l-incertezza f’hafna setturi li llum jaqghu
taht il-protezzjoni. Dan l-ahhar per ezempju l-gvern tana d-dokument rivedut
dwar l-assistenza li s-setturi tal-agrikoltura biex dawn ikunu jistghu jibqghu
jfendu meta jitnehhew il-levies. Id-dokument izda ma juriex apprezament
tas-sitwazzjoni reali u ghalkemm is-somom ta’ flus disponibbli issa huma hafna
akbar milli kienu qabel, xorta wahda l-imprenditur ma jafx fejn hu. Ma jafx kif
ser jiehu l-assistenza u ma jafx jaqbillux jindahal ghar-responsabiltajiet godda
meta quddiemu qed jara futur mhux cert.

Incertezza
Ghandna problema
ta’ nuqqas ta’ xoghol f’pajjizna li qed tikber. Ghandna istituzzjonijiet u nies
kapaci li qed iqumu lill-pajjiz miljuni tal-liri u li xogholhom hu li joholqu
x-xoghol. Dan izda mhux qed isir. Mill-banda l-ohra, ghandna imprendituri li
ghandhom il-progetti, ghandhom l-idejat u l-energija u jridu joholqu x-xoghol.
Dawn jghidu li hlief tfixkiel ma jsibux. Xi haga fl-ingranagg tas-sistema hi
hazina hafna. Qiesu li l-kaptani u l-ufficjalita’ kollha fuq il-bridge, u
fl-engine room, ma jinzel hadd minnhom biex jara li fil-magni tal-vapur hemm
il-problemi. Li jekk ma jitrangawx jieqaf
kollox.

 

What we can do for you

EMPLOYMENT & CONSUMER LAW

INDIVIDUAL ASSISTANCE

PRIORITY ACCESS

LOCAL ISSUES & LEGISLATION

NETWORKING EVENTS

LEGAL ADVICE

EU FUNDS AND SCHEMES

INFORMATION SESSIONS, MASTERCLASSES AND CONFERENCES

BECOME A MEMBER

The Malta Chamber of SMEs represents over 7,000 members from over 90 different sectors which in their majority are either small or medium sized companies, and such issues like the one we're experiencing right now, it's important to be united. Malta Chamber of SMEs offers a number of different services tailored to its members' individual requirements' and necessities. These range from general services offered to all members to more individual & bespoke services catered for specific requirements.

A membership with Malta Chamber of SMEs will guarantee that you are constantly updated and informed with different opportunities which will directly benefit your business and help you grow. It also entails you to a number of services which in their majority are free of charge and offered exclusively to its members (in their majority all free of charge).